Thursday, October 28, 2010

IMPORTANT READ ALL A.S.

Hello Everyone,

I am not sure everyone realizes how important it is you post your words. NINE people rely on you for accurate, clear, and more importantly PROMPT information. When some people continuously post ridiculously late and do not even warn me I personally feel disrespected. When you know you are unable to do your word tell me ahead of time. M.B. knew he could not do his word so he gave me A THIRTEEN HOUR notice, D.B. knew she could not do her word so she read ahead and posted. I understand people have things to do after school (as do I, I usually leave campus at 4/5 and possibly later with Mock Trial Season) and I completely understand that. And I know sometimes your phone dies or your lights go out, but you have to understand how important your dedication is to NINE people. If you are unable to post by seven Maximum eight, I am afraid that this may not work out. And you will have to reconsider your priorities. I strongly encourage you to start your own website with people in your same situation. And I am talking to all of us, including myself. If you would like to continue with this website please talk to me in person or call me and I will give you the new website information. Because yes i did change the website. Also I do not like to have to keep sending out reminders, this is your grade and I want you to care. If you have problems posting, YOU call me, not visa versa.  Again this is not personal toward anyone we have all posted late, and If you choose to no longer be involved I completely understand and respect that. Again if you would like to continue to be a part of SSA than make a post or call me or talk to me in person and I will give you the information for the new website. Thank you for taking the time to read this,
A.S.

Wednesday, October 27, 2010

Clayton-Bulwer treaty (1850)

it was an American desire to build a canal through central America. however, Great Britain and the U.S. clashed heads and ended up signing this treaty keeping both nations from controlling any major canal in Central America. In 1901a new treaty gave permission to the U.S. to build a canal with out UK interference. :)

Clayton-Bulwer Treaty

This treaty was made to avoid a conflict with Britian in 1850. It stated that America nor British could seek for control over any isthmian waterway. this treaty was later rescinded (revoked) by the other treaty of Hay Pauncefote treaty of 1901.:)

Harriet Tubman :)

nickname of "general tubman" or "moses" She helped slaves escape to Canada away from Slavery. Was a "conductor" of the underground railroad. She was from Maryland. Rescued more than 300 slaves. She was a union spy during the Civil War :O. :) She also worked as an educator after the War to educate freed slaves in North Carolina.

A.S.

PEOPLE WHO DID NOT POST YET, YOU STILL HAVE TO POST YOUR WORDS I DO NOT CARE HOW LATE. ALso Bring a copy of the definitions to school with you tomorrow.

I tried to find the remaining words on coursenotes but i could only find two of the four. But remember once you get on replace my definitions with yours.


Fugitive Slave Law
a law passed just before the Civil War also called the "Bloodhound Bill", slaves who escaped could not testify in their behalf and were not allowed a trial by jury. If the judge in the case freed the slave they would receive five dollars, if not they would get ten dollars. Those found helping slaves would be fined or jailed. This added to the rage in the North.



John C. Calhoun
a sixty-eight year old South Carolina senator who died in 1850 of tuberculosis. The tension between the North and South had not began to build and become unbearable. An associate delivered a speech that he wrote which declared slavery okay. He proposed to leave slavery as it was and restore the slavocracy by returning the runaway slaves to their owners. He wanted to preserve the Union and he believed in the Constitution.

"Higher Law"

The congregational debate of 1850 was not over, the young guards from the North were yet to have their say. They were more interested in purifying and purging then patching and preserving the union. William H. Seward a senator from New York, was the spokesman for the northern radicals. A strong antislaveryite he did not like concession and argued earnestly that Christian legislators must obey God's moral law more than man's law. He therefore appealed , with referance to excliuding slavery in the territories , to an even "higher law" than the constitution.

M.B check comments

sorry A.S. i was eating before i did ostend manifesto, then i took a shower before douglas, thats why he just got posted.... (told you i would get it done though, i always do )

Stephen A. Douglas

Douglas was a senator of Illinois. he longed to break the dead-lockof the North-South over westward expansion and settlements across the continent. douglas drew up a scheme that would split the nebraska territory into two, kansas AND nebraska. the status regarding slavery would be decided by "popular sovereignty". kansas would most likely decide to be a slave state since it was next to slaveholding Missouri. and nebraska, next to free-soil Iowa, a free state. but douglas' Kansas- Nebraska scheme contradicted with the Missouri Compromise of 1820, because it had already stated tat slavery was forbidden anywhere above the 36 30' line.

Martin Van Buren

In the election of 1848 the Democrats nominated General Lewis Cass, the whigs nominated Zachory Taylor, and the Antislavery men of the North know as the Free Soil party nominated Martin Van Buren the former president. The Free Soil party distrusting both Cass and Taylor nominated Buren and cried , "Free soil, free speech, free labor, and free men." The Free soilers built their party not to condemn slavery for enslaving the blacks but because the slaves destroyed the chances of free white workers to rise up from unemployment. In the end Taylor's wartime popularity pulled him through and the Free Soiler Van Buren , although winning no state , polled 291,263 ballots and diverted enough democratic strength from Cass in the state of New York to throw the election in favor of Taylor.

Ostend Manifesto

the secretary of state instucted the american ministers in Spain, England, and Franto make a secret recommendation for Cuba. took place at Ostend, Belgium. the three groups made a top-secret document, which became known as the "Ostend Manifesto". this document urged that the administration offer $120 million to spain for cuba, and if spain refused, and it endangered american interests, then the U.S. would then have to "take" the island from the spanish. the document also angered the Northern free-soilers once word had leaked out about the document.

A.S.

Hey some people  should  be posting soon. before 8 hopefully. Im really sorry, we will have to change some things next week.

Kansas Nebraska Act

The Kansas Nebraska Act was a scheme brought up by Stephen A. Douglas of Illinois. The Kansas Nebraska Act straight out contradicted the Missouri Compromise(Missouri compromise prohibited slavery past the 36 degrees,30' line). The Act proposed that the Nebraska be split in two. In Kansas and Nebraska. Kansas would become a slave state and Nebraska would remain a slave free state. President Pierce approved of the Kansas Nebraska Act. This act caused much controversy between the North and South since the Missouri Compromise could not be brushed aside lightly. Democrats were shattered by the Kansas Nebraska Act. The Kansas Nebraska Act greased the slippery slope to civil war.

e.c.

im just going to type my word. sorry im late. itll be up in a couple mins.

Daniel Webster

Daniel Webster:
He was part of the "immortal trio" with Clay and Calhoun for the last time to discuss about issues from the North and South. Webster agreed with Clay and his proposed compromises (look at what i wrote for Clay). He also urged all reasonable concessions to the South, including a new fugitive slave law. But when it came to the issue of slavery, Webster thought it was best to leave it alone and not discuss it. He concluded that compromise, concession, and reasonableness were the only solutions. Webster also gave his Seventh of March speech in 1850 which strengthened Union sentiment. His speech was also pleasing to the banking and commercial centers of the North but not to the abolitionists.

Henry Clay

Henry Clay:
In the election of 1848, clay should have been nominated by whigs but they nominated Taylor because Clay had made too many speeches and too many enemies. Clay, however, never went away and became one of the "immortal trio" along with Calhoun and Webster for the last time. The "Grat Compromiser" (Clay) propsed a series of compromises to satisfy the South that wanted secession and the North. He urged that North and South make concession and that the North partially yield by enacting a more feasible fugitive slave law. The compromises were approved but Calhoun wanted southern rights in them and Webster agreed with Clay.

Zachary Taylor

Nominated by Whigs; won election of 1848 thanks in part to the Free Soil Party; privately encouraged California to enter as a free state; supported by south because he owned slaves; influenced by "higher law" & consequently would veto any attempt at concession or compromise.

A.S.

Hey you guys I blocked my texting again, because i have been getting way too many and i do not want to answer all of them. So if you need to tell me something then call me. Just letting you know :)

Free Soil Party

Third political party started for election of 1848; antislavery party; distrusted Cass (Democratic candidate) and Taylor (Whig candidate) and the Democratic and Whig silence on the issue of slavery; supported Wilmot Proviso, wanted federal aid for internal improvements, and free government homesteads for settlers; nominated Martin Van Buren; diverted strength in New York from Cass to Taylor causing Taylor to win; took some Northern Whig votes in the election of 1852 from Winfield Scott and nominated John P. Hale

Millard Fillmore

Zachary Taylor died in 1850 and as the vice-president, Fillmore took over; singed the compromises that became the Compromise of 1850

Franklin Pierce

Second "dark horse" candidate. Lawyer politician. nicknamed the "fainting General". Enemyless, inconspicuous, prosouthern northerner, accepted into the slavery wing of Democratic party. Pierce's platformed revived Democratic commitment to territorial expansion as pursued by pold, endorsed Compromise of 1850, Anf Fugitive Slave Law. Opposed by the Whigs, "we accept the candidate, but we split on the platform". Won election of 52 by alot.  Wanted peirce to provoke war with spain and seize cuba. Wanted to impliment Ostend Menifesto but when word got out, dropped scheme.

Tuesday, October 26, 2010

William H. Seward

Freshman senator from New York. Spokesman for younger Northern radicals.  Anislavery, against concession. Argued that Christain legislators must obey God's moral law as well as man's mundane. Appealed to a "higher law" than the Constitution. This may have cost him presidential nomination and presidency in 1860. Nicknamed "Higher Law" Seward.  Influenced Taylor.

Gadsden Purchase

James Gadsden, a prominent South Carolina railroad man, negotiated a treaty in 1853, which ceded to the United States the Gadsden Purchase area for $10 million. The Gadsden Purchase enabled the South to claim the coveted railroad with even greater insistence. A southern track was easier to build due to the mountains and becuz the route would not pass through unorganized territory. The transaction of the Gadsden Purchase aroused much criticism amoung northerners who objected to paying a huge sum for a cactus-strewn desert nearly the size of Gadsden's South Carolina. The senate approved the pact.

Compromise of 1850

Proposing the Compromise of 185 was Henry Clay. This was one of the most dramatic moments in history of the united states senate. The delegates not only took a strong position in favor of slavery but alsom condemed the compromise neasures. Both the North and South were determines that the compromises should be "finality" and that the explosive issue of slavery should be buried. The north got the better deal out of the Compromise of 1850. Cali, as a free state tipped the senate balance permanently against the south. South needed more slave territory to restorre the "sacred balance." This compromise later resulted in the Fugitive Slave Law of 1850.

Monday, October 25, 2010

Chapter 18 words

Post By Wednesday 7 pm

M.B. you have Stephen A. Douglass, Ostend Manifesto
A.B. you have  John C. Calhoun, Harriet Tubman
S.D.  you have Free soil Party, Millard Filmore, Zachary Taylor
A.S.  you have Franklin Pierce, William H. Seward
J.C. you have Martin Van Buren, "higher law"
M.S. you have Fugitive slave law, Clayton-Bulwer Treaty
J.A. you have  Daniel Webster, Henry Clay
D.B. you have Gadsden Purchase, Compromise of 1850
E.C. you have Kansas-Nebraska Act. Welcome back We missed you :)

Sunday, October 24, 2010

John Slidell

Sent to Mexico City in 1845 to try and buy California for up to $25 million; Mexicans refused to let him present his proposition; Polk then wanted to declare war on Mexico

Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo

Peace treaty with Mexico signed 1848 by Nicholas P. Trist; received Mexican land from Texas west to California; US paid $15 million and assumed $3 million in claims against Mexico; approved by Senate

A.S.

Word definition From coursenotes

John Slidell
American and Mexico were on unfriendly terms with each other. The disagreement came over boundaries along Texas and in California. John Slidell was sent to Mexico in 1845 as a minister, He was given instructions to offer $25 million to the Mexicans for California. He was rejected by the Mexicans and they called this offer "insulting". After Mexico refused it lead to the Mexico American war.


Treaty of Guadeloupe Hidalgo
Mexico sold the United States all of the southwest for 15 million dollars in agreement that the rights and religion of the Mexican inhabitants of this land would be recognized by the United States government. It was drawn up by Nicholas P. Trist and sent to congress. The anti slavery congressmen passed the treaty and signed it on February 2nd, 1848.

Walker Tariff

Walker Tariff:
It was the Tariff passed by secretary of the treasury Robert J. Walker that reduced the average rates of the Tariff of 1846 from 32% to 25%. The Walker Tariff of 1846 proved to be an excellent revenue producer, largely because it was followed by boom times and heavy imports.

Zachary Taylor:

Zachary Taylor:
He was the General, who was in charge of 4,000 men when Polk ordered them to march from the Nueces River to the Rio Grande on January 13, 1846. On April 25,1846, Mexican troops crossed the Rio Grande and attaked General Taylor's command and 16 Americans were either killed or wounded. Also, General Taylor marched into Buena Vista after many victories, but on February 22-23 his force of 5,000 men was attacked by 20,000 troops under Santa Anna but Taylor won and became known as "Hero of Buena Vista."

A.S.

Hey you guys some people are having difficulties, but the words will be up before 8. sorry for any inconveinience

wilmot proviso

In the first year of war against Mexico David Wilmot, a Pennsylvania Congressman, proposed that a "appropriations" bill be passed to make any new territories gained from Mexico be antislavery. this bill was passed in the house twice but defeated in the senate.

Tariff of 1842

The whigs redrafted their tariff bill, but this time they cut out the offensive dollar-distribution scheme and pushed down the rates to about the moderately protective level of 1832, roughly 32% on dutiable goods. Tyler had no fondness for a protective tariff , but realizing the need for additional revenue, he signed the law of 1842. In the upcoming months the pressure for higher custom duties decreased as the country gradually came out of the depression. The tariff was made in response to the whig party who began clamoring for protection, they insisted that the reductions left them vulnerable to European competition.

Stephen W. Kearny

American operations in the southwest and in California were completely successful. In 1846 General Stephen W. Kearny led a detachment of seventeen hundred troops over the famous Santa Fe trail from fort Leavenworth to Santa Fe. Kearny succeeded in taking Santa Fe , the New Mexican territory , and Southern California.

Liberty Party

Political abolishonists like Frederick Douglass backed the Liberty party in 1840. This was a party loooking towards an end to slavery through politians. This party also lead to more partys like the free soil party in 1848 and the republican party in 1850.

Fiscal Bank

After Tyler flatly vetoed the bank bill, claiming it to be unconstitutional, the stunned whig leaders tried once again to pass a bank bill . Striving to pacify Tyler's objections to a "fiscal bank" , they passed another bill providing for a"fiscal corporation". But the president , still unbending , vetoed the offensive substitute. The Democrats were jubilant since they had been saved from another financial "monster". ( fiscal means : financial or monetary)

James K. Polk

President. Democrat, Proexpansion (manifest Destiny). Speaker of House of Represantatives for four years, and Governor of Tennessee for two terms. Reannexation of texas, reoccupation of Oregon (378) ran against Clay.  He lowered tariff. restore independent treasury.and wanted california and oregon. Instead of the 54 40 he wanted of oregon, he got 49 and no war. Polk wanted Califorina and no war. Payed indemnity. (385)

* mostly everything happened under this president, so you can relate it to almost every other vocab word.

John C. Fremont

Befor Kearny could reach the land of Cali, the province was already won by the Captain John C. Fremont, an explorer, who broke out and "Happened" to be there on the land with several dozen armed men, when Kearny arrived. John C. Fremont was one helping to throw out the Mexican rule in 1846, when he gathered and spoke with American naval officers and witht the local Americans, who had problems with the short-lived California Bear Flag Republic.

"Spot" Resolutions

American blood had been shed on soil that the Mexicans had good reason to reguard as their own. Were created by a whig congressmen, Abraham Lincoln, who decided to introduce some resolutions that requested information as to be percise "Spot" on American soil where American blood had already been shed. He continued to push his "spot" resolutions which led to him becoming known as the "spotty lincoln".

Winfield Scott

The command of the main expidition which pushed inland from the coastal city of Vera Cruz early in 1847 was entrusted to General Winifield Scott.  He was a hero of war of 1812. Earned nickname "old Fuss and Feathers" because of his resplendent uniforms and strict discipline. He was handicapped in Mexican Campaign by inadequate troops, expiring enlistments, a bigger enemy, mountainous terrain, disease, political back biting. Yet he succeeded in battling his way up to Mexico City by September 1847 in one of the most brilliant campaigns in American military annuls. Most distinguished general produced by country between 1783- 1861

, P.G. 384

Bear Flag Revolt

In the book it is refered to as California Bear Flag Republic. It is a "government" that resulted when Mexican rule in 1846 was overthrown. Captain John C. Fremont collaborated with American naval officers and with the local Americans, hoisted the banner of the short lived California Bear Republic.
P.G. 383, 384.

*I am unclear with this means, but that is what the book says, so I hope you get it :)

Wednesday, October 20, 2010

Chapter 17 Words

Please Post BY SUNDAY 7:00 P.M.
S.D. you have John Slidell, Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo
A.S. you have James k. Polk, Bear Flag Revolt
A.S. you have Fiscal Bank, Winifield Scott
D.B. you have "spot" revolutions, John C. Fremont
M.S. you have "conscience" Whigs, Wilmont Proviso
J.A. you have Zachary Taylor, Walker Tariff
J.C. you have Stephen W. Kearny, Tariff of 1842
A.B. you have Liberty Party

Tuesday, October 19, 2010

harriet beecher stowe

described the the horrific scenes of  slaves being sold at an auction in one of the plots of her book Uncle Tom's Cabin

David Walker

Black abolitionists distinguished themselves as living monuments to the cause of African American freedom. Their ranks included David Walker, whose incendiary Appeal to the colored citizens of the world (1829) advocated a bloody end to white supremacy.

sorry people...the text book didn't have much info and the little book didnt have him

"Positive Good"

A philosophy created by George Fizhugh. This philosophy showed that slavery benefited slaves by giving them food, shelter, and religion, (most the time christian). Also, Fitzhugh argued that free laborers in northern factories were not treated any better than slaves.

Gag resolution

Regrettably, also, the controversy over free people endangered free speech in the entire country. Piles of petitions poured in upon congress from the antislavery reformers, and in 1863 sensitive southerners drove through the house the so-called Gag Resolution. It required that all such antislavery appeals be tabled without debate. This attack on the right of petition aroused the sleeping lion in the ex-president, representative John Quincy Adams, who took part in a successful 80 yr. fight for its repeal.

Elijah P. Lovejoy

P.G. 368. Reverend Lovejoy of Alton, Illinois, not content to assail slavery impugned the chastity of Catholic women. His printing press was destroyed four times, and in 1837 he was killed by a mob and became "the Martyr abolitionist."

Frederick Douglass

He was the greatest black abolitionist, who escaped from bondage in 1838 at 21 years old and went to the North. He was a gifted orator, writer, and editor.  He gave many many antislavery lectures, despite beatings and threats against his life. Also, in 1845 he published his classic autobiography titled Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, which depicted his origins as the son of a black slave woman and a white father. Douglass also looked to politics for the end of slavery and backed the Liberty party in 1840, the Free Soil party in 1848, and then the Republican party in the 1850s.

Denmark Vessey

He was a free black that led an ill-fated rebellion in Charleston, South Carolina in 1822. Because his rebellion failed like many other rebellions, Vessey and more than 30 followers were hanged.

Nat Turner

Nat Turner, also a black preacher, led the Nat turner rebellion uprising in 1831. it slaughtered about sixty virginians, mostly women and children. this was the most famous of all rebellions against the slavery system. before 1831, in 1830 there were more abolitionist( wanting to abolish, rid, of slavery) societies in the south, but after Nat Turners rebellion in 1831, more abolitionist societies moved into the north because of his uprising in virginia. this also helped with the slaves wanting to be apart of the abolitionist propaganda that was going around in the north.

The Liberator

Published by William Lloyd Garrison in Boston; antislavery newspaper that triggered a 30-year "war of words" that indirectly helped start the Civil War; published same time as Nat Turner's rebellion, Southerners viewed Garrison as a terrorist and inciter of murder

William Lloyd Garrison

In 1831, William Llyod Garrison, a mild-looking reformer of twenty-six. The son of a drunken father and a spiritual child of the Second Great Awakening, Garrison began publication in Boston of his first issue of the abolitionist, militantly antislavery newspaper, "The liberator". This marked the beginning of the radical abolitionist movement. Uncompromising, Garrison immediatly abolished slavery in every state and territory without compensating with slaveowners. In 1833, Garrison and other abolisionist founded the American Antislavery Society. Garrison attaked by condeming and burning the constitution as a proslavery document. Garrison's radicalism soon led to a split in the abolition movement, he started a thirty-year war of words and in a sense fired one of the opening shots of the Civil War.

Sojourner Truth

A freed black women in New York who fought for emancipation of slaves (& women's rights); captivated audiences with her voice and religious passion
– Can relate to David Walker or Garrison, they're in the same section

Sunday, October 17, 2010

Oligarchy

Before the civil war, the south was an oligarchy (rule by the few) heavily influenced by a planter aristocracy. P.G. 351

Friday, October 15, 2010

Chapter 16 Vocab

Please do your vocab, let me know if you have any problems. Deadline 7:00 pm Tuesday. You have the weekend do a good Job!!!!!!!!!

M.S. you have Harriet Beecher Stowe
M.B. you have Nat Turner
A.S. you have Elijah P. Lovejoy, Oligarchy
D.B. you have William Lloyd Garrison
S.D. you have Sojourner Truth, The Liberator
A.B. you have "positive good"
J.A. you have Denmark Vessey, Fredrick Douglass
J.C. you have gag resolution, David Walker

Thursday, October 7, 2010

transportation revolution

This was when farmers wanted markets in the east and west but could not accomplish this without trasnportation. So this "revolution" came with Robert Fulton's invention of the steamboat, which was now able to go through the ocean without any obstacles. Another one was the contruction of railroads and the later the Pony Express (1860), which was used to carry mail.

Tammany Hall

As humble Irish peasants began to acquire property ownership, they were finally seen as a grand "success". They also began to gain control of powerful city machines, notably New York's Tammany Hall.

"Molly Maguires"

A shadowy Irish miners' union that rocked the Pennsylvania coal districts in the 1860s and 1870s. It was also helped by the Ancient Order of Hibernians, which was a semisecret society founded in Ireland to fight rapacious landlords aiding the downtrodden.

Pony Express

Established in 1860; Went from Missouri to California; Lightweight riders hand-carried mail; stations were ten miles apart; trip took ten days; If they missed one trip, the enterprise lost heavily; lasted 18 months; replaced by Samuel Morse's telegraph

Wednesday, October 6, 2010

Robert Fulton

The steam boat craze was touched off by Fulton , an ambitious painter engineer.   He Installed a powerful steam engine into a vessel known as  Clermont. The Clermont went from New York City up the Hudson river tword Albany. Went 150 miles in 32 hours.
Steamboat was amazing, defied wind, wave, tide, and downstream current. Fulton changed navegable streams into two way arteries, doubling carrying capacity.

Cult of Domesticity

A wide spread cultural Creed that glorified the customary functions of the homemaker. P.G. 307 the home is the "women's sphere." Tight-knit families. Power and Independence of women grew.

Cyrus McCormick

Invented the mechanical mower-reaper in the 1830's.  Was to western farmers what the cotton gin was to southern planters.  One person could now do the work of five.  Helped western famers who wanted more land to make more profit.  Because of this invention humble plowmen became capitalists investing in land. Changed the west from subsistence farming to production for the market – cash-crop agriculture came to dominate the west.  Increased amount of land led to transportation revolution.

Tuesday, October 5, 2010

Limited Liability

Technical advances of the Industrial Revolution caused changes in the form and legal status of business organizations; limited liability was one of these changes.  In case of legal claims or bankruptcy, an investor could risk no more than his share of the corporation's stock.  Helped with the concentration of capital.
(Pg. 303)

Samuel Morse

Invented the telegraph, which was one of the many important inventions in the Industrial Revolution.  He was a distinguished but poor painter.  Received $30,000 from Congress to support his experiment.  First message sent from Washington to Baltimore in 1844, the phrase was "What hath God wrought?"  This allowed people far apart to be in almost instant communication with each other.  Revolutionized news gathering, diplomacy, and finance; wires spanned the continent before the civil war.  It made Morse rich and famous.

Cotton Gin

Machine built by Eli Whitney that separated the seeds from the cotton. It was 50 times more efficient than by hand. Because of this cotton profit rose incredibley, and slaves were needed. Helped Industrial Revolution and hence factories.

Samuel Slater

Father of the Factory System. In 1791 he put into operation the first efficient American machinery for spinning cotton thread. He stole plans from the British and secretly came to America and with the help of others, he remade the machine.

Chapter 14

Please do your word.

A.S. you have Samuel Slater, Robert Fulton, cult of domesticity, cotton gin
S.D. you have, Ponny Express, Cyrus McCormick, Samuel Morse, Limited Liability
J.C. you have Clermont, Commonwealth v. Hunt, Eli Whitney, Nativism
J.A. you have Transportation Revolution, Molly Maguires, Tammany Hall


Please post when you find your word. everyone else wants to work with their group only. so please post

Monday, October 4, 2010

Objective D

for chapter 13 i need help do i talk about tarrifs? elections and political partieS???

Sunday, October 3, 2010

John Q. adams

+ He was second choice to the people then he bribed Clay which made him win over Jackson the people's first choice
+ No evidence of the "bargain" though.
+(1767-1848) 6th president(pg258-259)
+ apart of whig parties
+ one of the most sucessful secretaries of state
+ first "minority president"
+ wanted roads and canals and he was a nationalist
+ was taken off presidency 1828 and jackson was put up to make right of the bargin.

John C. Calhoun

+ wrote The Southern Carolina Exposition
+ 7th vice president (lived 1782-1850)
+wanted to preserve union and prevent secession of southern states (used nullification to do this)
+ Hated Andrew Jackson so he joined forces with Clay and Webster in 1834 to pass a motion censuring jackson for his single handed removal of federal deposites from the bank of the US.
+ apart of the Whig party

Nicholas Biddle

+ President of Bank of the United States.
+ Brilliant but arrogant(pg268)
+ had power over the nation's finanicial affairs
+ born Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
+ Andrew Jackson put rest to the bank even though "Biddle's Panic drew wobblier banks to the wall jackson' resolution was firm.(pg271-272)
+ 1836 the bank was finished done gone!
+ the bank being gone also helped cause the panic in 1837

Missing words

 Some people did not do vocab this week because it is not mandatory, but on the mandatory weeks, we will have all our people do words. I got these words off of a website that corresponds with our textbook. Sorry i cant make my font smaller. :) Also we are missing Democratic- Republicans

~A.S.

 

Andrew Jackson

Andrew Jackson was a Democratic-Republican who was voted into office in 1828. The people wanted representation and reform from the administration of John Quincy Adams. Jackson believed that the people should rule. He was the first president from the west, and he represented many of the characteristics of the west. Jackson appealed to the common man as he was said to be one. He believed in the strength of the Union and the supremacy of the federal government over the state government.

Revolution of 1828

What: Election of 1828 - running candidates for president were John Q. Adams and Andrew Jackson. When: 1828 Why: The election of 1828 is often called the "Revolution of 1828." There was an increased turnout of voters at this election. The large turnout proved that the common people now had the vote and the will to use it for their ends. The results of the election show that the political center of gravity was shifting away from the conservative seaboard East toward the emerging states across the mountains. The revolution was peaceful, achieved by ballots.

New Democracy (1824 - 1850)

The New Democracy got more people involved in the government. There were also fewer voter restrictions and voter turn-out increased.

Independent Treasury

Martin Van Buren passed the "Divorce Bill" in 1840 which created an independent treasury that took the government's funds out of the pet banks that Jackson created and put them in vaults in several of the largest cities. This way the funds would be safe from inflation and denied to the state banks as revenue.

Tariff of 1832

tariff passed in 1832; passed to meet Southern demands about previous tariffs; failed because it didn't meet demands but it did do away with the worst of the abominations of 1828 and lowered tariff of 1824 by ten percent; caused Nullification Crisis; was amended by the Compromise Tariff of 1833


Tariff of 1833

This was a compromise bill. It would gradually reduce the tariff of 1832 by10% over an8 year period. It would be a 20-25% tax on dutiable goods. Henry Clay wrote the bill. It ended the nullification crisis when South Carolina accepted the compromise.

Panic of 1837

Nations first economic depression. Banks loaned too much money out for Western expansion and they began to fail one by one. Hardship was acute and widespread and hundreds of banks collapsed. Martin Van Buren (who was president at the time) tried to "divorce" the government from banking altogether. This idea was not highly supported but the Independent Treasury Bill passed congress in 1840. Although the Whigs repealed it the next year, the scheme was reenacted by the democrats in 1846.

Annexation

A method used by the government to acquire and establish sovereignty over new territory. Sometimes force is used in annexation, but other times it is done through a legal system, such as a purchase. The United States annexed Texas in 1845 after a consent from Mexico.

Henry Clay

Who: A National Republican and chief gladiator in the presidential contest of 1832. Threw himself behind the Senate's move to re-charter the bank. Was able to pass a compromise bill that would slowly reduce the 1832 Tariff. When and Where: he came from Kentucky and strongly disliked Jackson. Clay had 50,000 dollars in funds for " life insurance" with the Bank of the United States. Lost the presidential election in 1832:the rich people did not create enough support to elect him president.


Sam Houston

Mexicans and Texans were in conflict over issues such as slavery and immigration. In 1836 the Texans declared their independence from Mexico and made Sam Houston their commander in chief. Santa Anna, the dictator of Mexico, resented this American decree and charged into Texas with Mexican forces. Houston and his troops initially retreated, but eventually they defeated the Mexican army and captured Santa Anna.

Tariff of abomination

The touchy tariff issue had been one of John Quincy Adam's biggest headaches . Now Andrew Jackson felt his predecessor's pain . Tariffs protected American industry against competition from European manufactured goods , but they also drove up prices for all Americans and invited retaliatory tariffs on American agriculture exports abroad. In 1824 congress had increased the general tariff significantly, bleated for still higher barriers. Southerners as heavy consumers of manufactured goods were hostile to tariffs. They were shocked by the ourageous rates of the tariff of 1828. Hotheads branded it the "Black tariff" or the "tariff of abominations". Several began to protest but in the end they saw they were stuck with the bill.

Whig Party

Andrew Jackson's opponents, fuming at his ironfisted exercise of presedential power , condemmed him as "King Andrew I" and began to coalesce as the Whigs. The cement that held the whig party together was only the hatred of Jackson . The Whig party thought of themselves as conservatives , yet they were progressive in their support of active governments and reforms.The whig party called for internal imrovements like canals, railroads, telegraphs lines , and they supported institutions like asylums, prisons, and public schools. In the end the whigs  claimed to be the defenders of the common man and declared the democrats the party of corruption.

"King Caucus"

In the past, it had been common for candidates for office to be nominated either by state legislatures or by "King Caucus" - a closed door-door meeting of a political party's leaders in congress. The common people had no opportunity to participate. In the 1830's , however, caucuses were replaced by nominating conventions. Party politicians and voters would gather in a large meeting hall to nominate the party's candidates . The Anti-Masons were the first to hold such a nominating convention. This method was more open to popular participation , hence more democratic.

"Pet Banks"

After winning reelection in 1832, Jackson had to deal with the economic consequences of his decision to oppose the Bank of the United States . Jackson "killed" the national bank not only by vetoing its recharter but also by withdrawing all federal funds. Aided by secretary of the treasury Roger Taney , he transferred the funds to various state banks , which Jackson's critics called "pet banks".

Denmark Vessey

Denmark Vesey was a free black slave who lived in the Carolinas. Vesey led a slave rebellion in Charleston in 1822. This slave rebellion was part of what led to the anxieties of the South especially in South Carolina. the Missouri Compromise and the slave rebellion both caused the South to worry about Federal government interference in slavery issues.

*I did not find this word in the book, the definition is from coursenotes.com

Santa Anna

Dictator of Mexico after they won their independence from Spain.  Texas and Mexico were divided on the issues of slavery and colonization in Texas, so Stephen Austin came to negotiate with Anna.  Santa Anna threw Austin into jail for eight months.  He then wiped out local rights and began preparing an army to suppress the Texans.  After Texas declared their independence, Santa Anna ferociously attacked.  However, he was captured by the commander in chief of Texas, Sam Houston, and his army and forced to sign two treaties – to remove Mexican troops from Texas and to recognize the Rio Grande as the border between Texas and Mexico.  When he was released he claimed that the treaties were illegal because they were signed under duress; this however did nothing to stop the annexation of Texas to the United States.

Martin van Buren

He was unenthusiastically supported by the Jacksonites for the election of 1836.  Jackson endorsed him because he was a "yes man" and hoped to influence him in his decisions as president.  He became the 8th president and the first born in America.  He was unpopular with the people because he was mild-mannered (unlike his predecessor) & did not live up to the standards set by Jackson's presidency.  He inherited Jackson's problems and enemies.  His term was trouble filled and made it impossible for him to be re-elected.  Some of the problems he faced were a rebellion in Canada coupled with ugly incidents along the northern border were threatening to start a war with Britain, antislavery crusaders were protesting, the complications of annexing Texas, and the Panic of 1837 coupled with nationwide depression.  In trying to help the economy, he created the never-popular "Divorce Bill", which passed in 1840.  It put the national funds in a separate treasury, crippling the credit available to banks.

"corrupt bargain"

It was said that John Q. Adams, in order to become president, had bribed Henry Clay with the office of secretary of state – one of the most coveted positions – in order to receive Clay's support/endorsement in the House of Representatives.  Jacksonians were outraged when they heard this and called it the corrupt bargain.
(There has been no evidence found to say whether or not this actually occurred)

tariff of 1832/1833

okay these two are kinda hard to understand but they are on page 190 in the smaller book...maybe you guys can find it easier there because i know i am having a hard time explaining it.
i will try and do other words though
:)
-m.s.

nullification

it is the theory that each state had the right to decide whether to obey a federal law or to declare it null and void(of no effect)
-president Jackson  issued a Proclamation to the people of South Carolina stating that nullification and disunion were treason
-m.s.

Saturday, October 2, 2010

S.D.

I'll take Martin van Buren, "corrupt bargain", Santa Ana, and Denmark Vessey

Twelfth Amendment

Pg 257

Election of 1824, Jackson won more popular votes than next two opponents combined but failed to get majority ellectoral votes, so twelfth amendment  said that in such a deadlock, the House of Representative must choose amongst the top three canidates.

John Tyler

John Tyler of Virginia , an afterthought, was selected as William Henry Harrison's  vice presidential running mate.

Confused

Can some one explain the reading underthe section  "lone star rebellion". I am not comprehending? who won? ...?

J.C's words

I choose whig party, pet banks,  tariff of abominations and "king caucus"

Dont forget

Dont forget to do you vocab Due sunday at 7 pm, because monday we are on the next chapter, and this will help you for your group work in class. Pick your words or i will just assign you ones:)

Stephen Austin

 Page 275-276

new regime in Mexico city concluded arrangement in 1823 for granting a huge tract of land to Stephen Austin with the understanding that he would bring Texas 300 american families. Specifically Immigrants of Roman Catholic faith and were to be Mexicanized ( neither were followed).  When Stephen Austin went to Mexico city in 1833 to negotiate differences with Mexican government, ( differences including slaves, immigration, and local rights), the dictator Santa Ana (vocab word)  put him in jail for 8 months.

"Divorce Bill"

Page 274-275

Van Buren passed the " Divorce Bill" He divorced the government from the bank because he thought financial fever was fed by the injection of federal funds into private banks.

Relate to Independent treasury ( vocab word)

Friday, October 1, 2010

A.S. 's Words

I tried to let you guys choose first but it has been five days :) I still want to do vocab even though it is not mandatory, because this will be an AMAZING study tool for the Ap test as well as unit tests. If you plan on not participating, please tell me :)

I choose Divorce Bill, Twelfth Amendment, John Tyler, and Stephen Austin